R.H Whittaker 방형구법을 적용한 홍천 가리산 산림경영모델림

목재수확 예정지의 식물종 및 군집다양성 변화

유도훈1*, 김의주1, 이동호2, 조민재3, 김영환4, 유영한1

(1국립공주대학교 생명과학과, 2국립산림과학원 산림경영연구과, 3국립산림과학원 산림탄소연구센터, 4국립산림과학원 산림전략연구과)

Changes of plant species and community diversity using R.H Whittaker's quadrat method in the timber harvest site in Garisan Forest Management Model Forest in Hongcheon, Korea

Do-Hun Ryu1*, Eui-Joo Kim1, Dong-Ho Lee2, Min-Jae Jo3, Young-Hwan Kim4, Young-Han You1

(1Department of Biological Sciences, Kongju National University,

2Forest Management Strategy Research, National Institute of Forest Science,

3Forest Carbon Center on Climate Change, National Institute of Forest Science,

4Forest Strategy Division, National Institute of Forest Science)

요약: 2022년에 산림경영모델림으로 선정된 홍천 가리산에서 목재수확에 따른 산림생물종다양성 중 식물다양성을 알아보고자, 2023년과 2024년 4-10월에 R.H Whittaker 방형구(20×50㎡)를 낙엽송이 우점하고 있는 경영구별(조방적, 준집약적, 집약적, 보전) 3개씩 설치하고, 식물상 및 식생을 조사하여 식물종다양성(α-다양성, β-다양성)과 식물기능적다양성(생활형, 특산종, 외래종)을 분석하였다. 그 결과, 경영구별 전체 식물상은 2023년대비 2024년에 집약적 경영구에서 41분류군, 준집약적 경영구에서 82분류군이 증가하였으며 조방적 경영구에서 2분류군, 보전 경영구에서 16분류군이 감소하였다. 조방적 경영구를 제외한 모든 경영구에서 목본의 비율이 증가하고 초본의 비율은 감소하였다. 2023년대비 2024년에 생활형 비율은 대부분의 경영구에서 다년생과 일년생의 비율이 증가하였으며, 특산종에 5분류군이 추가 발견되었고 외래종 1분류군이 추가 발견되었다. 경영구별 식물 종과 속의 α다양성, β다양성은 대부분의 경영구에서 증가하였다. 식물군집다양성(Shannon-Wiener index)은 대부분의 경영구에서 감소하였다.

Abstract: To investigate the plant diversity of forest biodiversity under timber harvesting in Hongcheon Garisan, which was selected as a model forest management forest in 2022, R.H Whittaker quadrats(20×50㎡) were installed in April-October 2023 and 2024 in three larch-dominated management zones(intensive, semi-intensive, extensive and conservation), and the flora and vegetation were surveyed to analyze plant species diversity and plant functional diversity. As a result, the total flora by management zone increased by 41 taxa in intensive management zones and 82 taxa in semi-intensive management zones from 2023 to 2024, while decreasing by 2 taxa in extensive management zones and 16 taxa in conservation management zones. The ratio of woody vegetation increased and the ratio of herbaceous vegetation decreased in all but the extensive management zones. From 2023 to 2024, the ratio of perennials and annuals increased in most management zones, with five additional taxa of endemic species and one additional taxon of exotic species detected. The α-diversity and β-diversity of plant species and genus increased in most management zones. Plant community diversity(Shannon-Wiener index) decreased in most management zones.

사사: This work was supported by Korea Environmental Industry & Technology Institute (KEITI) through Wetland Ecosystem Value Evaluation and Carbon Absorption Value Promotion Technology Development Project, funded by Korea Ministry of Environment (MOE) (2022003630003).