대나무 숲 밀도 조절이 죽순 발생 특성에 미치는 영향

윤준혁1, 전형국1*, 배은지1, 손영모1

(1국립산림과학원 산림바이오소재연구소)

Effects of Bamboo Forest Density Control on the Characteristics of Bamboo Shoot Formation

Jun-Hyuck Yoon1*, Hyeong-Guk Jeon1*, Eun-Ji Bae1, Yeong-Mo Son1

(1Forest Biomaterials Research Center, National Institute of Forest Science)

요약: 본 연구는 방치되고 있는 대나무림의 황폐화에 따른 확산을 저감하고자 임업적 관리 기술을 적용하여 확산 제어 및 건전한 대나무 숲 유지를 위한 임분 밀도 조절 효과를 분석하였다. 대나무 임분 밀도 조절에 따른 죽순 발생 특성을 분석하기 위해 거제, 사천, 고성, 진주, 하동 등 7개소에 각각 중심부(100% 벌채), 확산부(100% 벌채, 50% 벌채), 대조구로 구분하여 1회 벌채 후 연차별 죽순 발생량, 신죽 직경을 측정하였다. 그 결과 죽순 발생량의 경우 맹종죽과 왕대는 중심부 100%, 확산부 100% 벌채 처리구에서 벌채 전에 비해 벌채 후 2년차까지 감소했지만, 벌채 후 4년차에 다소 증가하는 경향이 나타났다. 왕대 확산부 50% 벌채 처리구에서 벌체 전에 비해 벌채 후 1년차에는 감소하다가 벌채 후 2년차와 3년차에 비슷한 수준으로 유지하다가 벌채 후 4년차에 감소하는 경향이 나타났다. 신죽 직경의 경우 왕대 중심부 100%와 확산부 100% 벌채 처리구에서 벌체 전에 비해 감소하거나 비슷한 수준을 유지하다가 벌채 4년차 이후 감소하는 모습이 나타났지만, 확산부 50% 벌채 처리구의 경우 벌채 4년차에 증가했다. 맹종죽의 경우 신죽 직경 변화는 벌채 전후 비교하여 차이가 나타나지 않았다. 죽종별 죽순 발생량은 벌채 처리 후 연차별로 임분밀도는 감소하다가 3년차에 다소 증가하거나 유지되는 특성을 보여, 1회 벌채로 대나무 확산을 완벽히 저감하기 어려운 것으로 나타났다. 따라서 연차적인 반복 벌채가 적용된 죽종별 임분 관리 기술이 필요할 것으로 판단된다.

Abstract: This study analyzed the effects of controlling spread and controlling stand density for maintaining healthy bamboo forests through the application of forestry management techniques to reduce the spread of neglected bamboo forests due to devastation. In order to analyze the characteristics of bamboo shoots according to the control of bamboo stand density, 7 plots, including Geoje, Sacheon, Goseong, Jinju, and Hadong were classified into central area (100% deforestation), spread area (100%, 50% deforestation), and control, and after one harvest, the annual amount of bamboo shoots and the diameter of 1 year bamboo were measured. As a result, concerning the amount of bamboo shoots, Phyllostachys pubescens and P. bambusoides decreased until the second year after harvesting compared to before harvesting in the central 100% deforestation area and spread 100% deforestation area; however, there was a tendency to increase slightly in the fourth year after deforestation. In the spread 50% deforestation treatment zone of the spread area of P. bambusoides, there was a tendency to decrease in the first year after deforestation compared to before deforestation; however, the level was maintained at a similar level in the second and third years after deforestation, and then decreased in the fourth year after deforestation. With regards to bamboo diameter in the first year in P. bambusoides, in the central 100% deforestation area and spread 100% deforestation treatment area the diameter reduced or stayed at a similar level compared to before deforestation; however, a decline was seen after the fourth year since deforestation. Moreover, in the case of the spread 50% deforestation treatment area in the spread area, the diameter increased in the fourth year since deforestation. In the case of P. pubescens, there was no difference in the change in diameter of 1 year bamboo compared before and after deforestation. Regarding the amount of bamboo shoots produced in each bamboo type, after deforestation treatment, the stand density decreased each year and then slightly increased or stayed at a similar level in the third year, and it was found that it was difficult to completely reduce the spread of bamboo through a single round of deforestation treatment. Therefore, it is believed that it is necessary to implement forestry grouping management techniques for each type of bamboo shoot for which annual and repeated deforestation is applied.

Keyword : Bamboo forest, Density control, Bamboo shoot